management [09212011]

Q:
1. What is decision making?
2. Can the engineer manager avoid making
management decision, why or why not?
3.Enumerate and briefly discuss the decision making process.
4. Why is proper diagnosis of the problem important?
5. How many alternative solution be evaluated?
6. What are the approaches in solving problem?
A:
1. Decision making is defined as the process of identifying and choosing alternative courses of action in a manner appropriate to the demands of the situation.

2. The engineer manager must adapt a certain procedure designed to determine the best option available to solve certain problems.
Decisions are made at various management levels and at various management functions.

3. It involves the ff. steps:

• diagnose problem


• analyze environment


• articulate problem or opportunity


• develop viable alterntives


• evaluate alternatives


• make a choice


• implement decision


• evaluate and adapt decision results

4. If a manager wants to make an intelligent decision, his first move must be to identify the problem. If the manager fails in this aspect, it is almost impossible to succeed in subsequent steps. an expert once said "identification of the problem is tantamount to having the problem half-solved."

5. Oftentimes, problems may be solved by any of the solutions offered. The best among the alternative solutions must be considered by management. This is made possible by using a procedure with the following steps:

1. Prepare a list of alternative solutions.


2. Determine the viability of each solutions.


3. Revise the list by striking out those which are not viable.

After determining the viability of the alternatives and a revised list has been made, an evaluation of the remaining alternatives is necessary.

6.The approaches in solving problems are:

• qualitative evaluation- this term refers to evaluation alternatives using intuition and selective judgment. Stevenson states that managers tend to use the qualitative advantage when:




1. The problem is fairly simple.


2. The problem is familiar.


3. The costs involved are not great.


4. Immediate decisions are needed




• Quantitative Evaluation- this term refers to the evaluation of alternatives using any technique in a group classified as rational and analytical.

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